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|download = |webservice = |sql = |sparql = |webapp = |standalone = |license = |versioning = |frequency = |curation = |bookmark = |version= }} The Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a crystallographic database for the three-dimensional structural data of large biological molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids. The data, typically obtained by X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, or, increasingly, cryo-electron microscopy, and submitted by biologists and biochemists from around the world, are freely accessible on the Internet via the websites of its member organisations (PDBe,〔(PDBe Protein Data Bank in Europe )〕 PDBj,〔(Welcome to PDBj - Home )〕 and RCSB〔http://www.rcsb.org/〕). The PDB is overseen by an organization called the Worldwide Protein Data Bank, wwPDB. The PDB is a key resource in areas of structural biology, such as structural genomics. Most major scientific journals, and some funding agencies, now require scientists to submit their structure data to the PDB. Many other databases use protein structures deposited in the PDB. For example, SCOP and CATH classify protein structures, while PDBsum provides a graphic overview of PDB entries using information from other sources, such as Gene ontology ==History== Two forces converged to initiate the PDB: 1) a small but growing collection of sets of protein structure data determined by X-ray diffraction; and 2) the newly available (1968) molecular graphics display, the Brookhaven RAster Display (BRAD), to visualize these protein structures in 3-D. In 1969, with the sponsorship of Walter Hamilton at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Edgar Meyer (Texas A&M University) began to write software to store atomic coordinate files in a common format to make them available for geometric and graphical evaluation. By 1971, one of Meyer's programs, SEARCH, enabled researchers to remotely access information from the database to study protein structures offline. SEARCH was instrumental in enabling networking, thus marking the functional beginning of the PDB. Upon Hamilton's death in 1973, Tom Koeztle took over direction of the PDB for the subsequent 20 years. In January 1994, Joel Sussman of Israel's Weizmann Institute of Science was appointed head of the PDB. In October 1998, the PDB was transferred to the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics (RCSB);〔(RCSB | Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics )〕 the transfer was completed in June 1999. The new director was Helen M. Berman of Rutgers University (one of the member institutions of the RCSB).〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=RCSB Protein Data Bank )〕 In 2003, with the formation of the wwPDB, the PDB became an international organization. The founding members are PDBe (Europe),〔 RCSB (USA), and PDBj (Japan).〔 The BMRB〔(BMRB - Biological Magnetic Resonance Bank )〕 joined in 2006. Each of the four members of wwPDB can act as deposition, data processing and distribution centers for PDB data. The data processing refers to the fact that wwPDB staff review and annotate each submitted entry. The data are then automatically checked for plausibility (the source code〔(PDB Validation Suite )〕 for this validation software has been made available to the public at no charge). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Protein Data Bank」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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